The urethrocystoscopy is an endoscopic examination performed with an instrument called a cystoscope through which it is possible to explore the urethra and the bladder cavity.
Cystoscopy is essential in the diagnosis and control of certain bladder diseases, primarily of the bladder neoplasms. This examination is normally performed as an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia, using lubricating gels containing local anesthetic.
On the day of the exam, the patient must perform an oral antibiotic prophylaxis.
The complications of the technique are represented by infections (urosepsis, epididymitis, etc.) and by hematuria. Late complications related to excessive trauma of the urethra are represented by urethral strictures, a very rare event.
If, after the urethrocystoscopy, symptoms such as high fever, conspicuous blood loss in the urine, and acute urinary retention occur, the patient should contact the GP or the hospital’s emergency department.